new co-planar waveguide port and example
Signed-off-by: Thorsten Liebig <Thorsten.Liebig@gmx.de>
This commit is contained in:
Thorsten Liebig
parent
865e817de7
commit
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285
matlab/AddCPWPort.m
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285
matlab/AddCPWPort.m
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function [CSX,port] = AddCPWPort( CSX, prio, portnr, materialname, start, stop, gap_width, dir, evec, varargin )
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% [CSX,port] = AddCPWPort( CSX, prio, portnr, materialname, start, stop, gap_width, dir, evec, varargin )
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%
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% CSX: CSX-object created by InitCSX()
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% prio: priority for excitation and probe boxes
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% portnr: (integer) number of the port
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% materialname: property for the CPW (created by AddMetal())
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% start: 3D start rowvector for port definition
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% stop: 3D end rowvector for port definition
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% gap_width: width of the CPW gap (left and right)
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% dir: direction of wave propagation (choices: 0, 1, 2 or 'x','y','z')
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% evec: excitation vector, which defines the direction of the e-field (must be the same as used in AddExcitation())
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%
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% variable input:
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% varargin: optional additional excitations options, see also AddExcitation
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% 'ExcitePort' true/false to make the port an active feeding port (default
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% is false)
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% 'FeedShift' shift to port from start by a given distance in drawing
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% units. Default is 0. Only active if 'ExcitePort' is set!
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% 'Feed_R' Specifiy a lumped port resistance. Default is no lumped
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% port resistance --> port has to end in an ABC.
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% 'MeasPlaneShift' Shift the measurement plane from start t a given distance
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% in drawing units. Default is the middle of start/stop.
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% 'PortNamePrefix' a prefix to the port name
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%
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% Important: The mesh has to be already set and defined by DefineRectGrid!
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%
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% example:
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% CSX = AddMetal( CSX, 'metal' ); %create a PEC called 'metal'
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% start = [0 -width/2 0];
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% stop = [length +width/2 0];
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% [CSX,port] = AddCPWPort( CSX, 0, 1, 'metal', start, stop, gap_width, 'x', ...
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% [0 0 -1], 'ExcitePort', true, 'Feed_R', 50 )
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% Explanation:
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% - this defines a stripline in x-direction (dir='x')
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% --> the wave travels along the x-direction
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% - with an e-field excitation in -z-direction (evec=[0 0 -1])
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% - the excitation is active and placed at x=start(1) ('ExcitePort', true)
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% - a 50 Ohm lumped port resistance is placed at x=start(1) ('Feed_R', 50)
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% - the width-direction is determined by the cross product of the
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% direction of propagtion (dir='x') and the excitation vector
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% (evec=[0 0 -1]), in this case it is the y-direction
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% - the stripline-metal is created in a xy-plane at a height at z=start(3)
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% --> The upper and lower reference plane (ground) must be defined by
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% the user
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%
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% Thorsten Liebig <thorsten.liebig@gmx.de> (c) 2014
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%
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% See also InitCSX DefineRectGrid AddMetal AddMaterial AddExcitation calcPort
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%% validate arguments %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%check mesh
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if ~isfield(CSX,'RectilinearGrid')
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error 'mesh needs to be defined! Use DefineRectGrid() first!';
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end
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if (~isfield(CSX.RectilinearGrid,'XLines') || ~isfield(CSX.RectilinearGrid,'YLines') || ~isfield(CSX.RectilinearGrid,'ZLines'))
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error 'mesh needs to be defined! Use DefineRectGrid() first!';
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end
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% check dir
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dir = DirChar2Int(dir);
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% check evec
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if ~(evec(1) == evec(2) == 0) && ~(evec(1) == evec(3) == 0) && ~(evec(2) == evec(3) == 0) || (sum(evec) == 0)
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error 'evec must have exactly one component ~= 0'
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end
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evec0 = evec ./ sum(evec); % evec0 is a unit vector
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%set defaults
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feed_shift = 0;
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feed_R = inf; %(default is open, no resitance)
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excite = false;
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measplanepos = nan;
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PortNamePrefix = '';
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excite_args = {};
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%% read optional arguments %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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for n=1:2:numel(varargin)
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if (strcmp(varargin{n},'FeedShift')==1);
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feed_shift = varargin{n+1};
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if (numel(feed_shift)>1)
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error 'FeedShift must be a scalar value'
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end
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elseif (strcmp(varargin{n},'Feed_R')==1);
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feed_R = varargin{n+1};
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if (numel(feed_shift)>1)
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error 'Feed_R must be a scalar value'
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end
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elseif (strcmp(varargin{n},'MeasPlaneShift')==1);
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measplanepos = varargin{n+1};
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if (numel(feed_shift)>1)
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error 'MeasPlaneShift must be a scalar value'
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end
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elseif (strcmp(varargin{n},'ExcitePort')==1);
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if ischar(varargin{n+1})
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warning('CSXCAD:AddCPWPort','depreceated: a string as excite option is no longer supported and will be removed in the future, please use true or false');
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if ~isempty(excite)
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excite = true;
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else
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excite = false;
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end
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else
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excite = varargin{n+1};
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end
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elseif (strcmpi(varargin{n},'PortNamePrefix'))
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PortNamePrefix = varargin{n+1};
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else
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excite_args{end+1} = varargin{n};
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excite_args{end+1} = varargin{n+1};
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end
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end
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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% normalize start and stop
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nstart = min( [start;stop] );
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nstop = max( [start;stop] );
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% determine index (1, 2 or 3) of propagation (length of CPW)
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idx_prop = dir + 1;
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% determine index (1, 2 or 3) of width of CPW
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dir = [0 0 0];
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dir(idx_prop) = 1;
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idx_height = abs(cross(dir,evec0)) * [1;2;3];
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% determine index (1, 2 or 3) of height
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idx_width = abs(evec0) * [1;2;3];
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if (start(idx_height)~=stop(idx_height))
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error('openEMS:AddCPWPort','start/stop in height direction must be equal');
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end
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% direction of propagation
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if stop(idx_prop)-start(idx_prop) > 0
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direction = +1;
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else
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direction = -1;
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end
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% create the metal/material for the CPW
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SL_start = start;
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SL_stop = stop;
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CSX = AddBox( CSX, materialname, prio, SL_start, SL_stop );
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if isnan(measplanepos)
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measplanepos = (nstart(idx_prop)+nstop(idx_prop))/2;
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else
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measplanepos = start(idx_prop)+direction*measplanepos;
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end
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% calculate position of the voltage probes
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mesh{1} = sort(CSX.RectilinearGrid.XLines);
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mesh{2} = sort(CSX.RectilinearGrid.YLines);
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mesh{3} = sort(CSX.RectilinearGrid.ZLines);
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meshlines = interp1( mesh{idx_prop}, 1:numel(mesh{idx_prop}), measplanepos, 'nearest' );
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meshlines = mesh{idx_prop}(meshlines-1:meshlines+1); % get three lines (approx. at center)
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if direction == -1
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meshlines = fliplr(meshlines);
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end
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SL_w2 = interp1( mesh{idx_width}, 1:numel(mesh{idx_width}), (nstart(idx_width)+nstop(idx_width))/2, 'nearest' );
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SL_w2 = mesh{idx_width}(SL_w2); % get e-line at center of CPW (SL_width/2)
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v1_start(idx_prop) = meshlines(1);
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v1_start(idx_width) = (nstart(idx_width)+nstop(idx_width))/2;
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v1_start(idx_height) = start(idx_height);
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v1_stop = v1_start;
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v2_start = v1_start;
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v2_stop = v1_stop;
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v2_start(idx_prop) = meshlines(2);
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v2_stop(idx_prop) = meshlines(2);
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v3_start = v2_start;
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v3_stop = v2_stop;
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v3_start(idx_prop) = meshlines(3);
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v3_stop(idx_prop) = meshlines(3);
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width_add_start = [0 0 0];
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width_add_stop = [0 0 0];
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width_add_start(idx_width) = (nstop(idx_width)-nstart(idx_width))/2;
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width_add_stop(idx_width) = (nstop(idx_width)-nstart(idx_width))/2+gap_width;
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weight = 0.5;
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% create the voltage-probes
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port.U_filename{1,1} = [PortNamePrefix 'port_ut' num2str(portnr) 'A1'];
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CSX = AddProbe( CSX, port.U_filename{1,1}, 0, 'weight', -1*weight );
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CSX = AddBox( CSX, port.U_filename{1,1}, prio, v1_start-width_add_start, v1_stop-width_add_stop);
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port.U_filename{1,2} = [PortNamePrefix 'port_ut' num2str(portnr) 'A2'];
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CSX = AddProbe( CSX, port.U_filename{1,2}, 0, 'weight', weight );
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CSX = AddBox( CSX, port.U_filename{1,2}, prio, v1_start+width_add_start, v1_stop+width_add_stop);
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port.U_filename{2,1} = [PortNamePrefix 'port_ut' num2str(portnr) 'B1'];
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CSX = AddProbe( CSX, port.U_filename{2,1}, 0, 'weight', -1*weight );
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CSX = AddBox( CSX, port.U_filename{2,1}, prio, v2_start-width_add_start, v2_stop-width_add_stop );
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port.U_filename{2,2} = [PortNamePrefix 'port_ut' num2str(portnr) 'B2'];
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CSX = AddProbe( CSX, port.U_filename{2,2}, 0, 'weight', weight );
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CSX = AddBox( CSX, port.U_filename{2,2}, prio, v2_start+width_add_start, v2_stop+width_add_stop );
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port.U_filename{3,1} = [PortNamePrefix 'port_ut' num2str(portnr) 'C1'];
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CSX = AddProbe( CSX, port.U_filename{3,1}, 0, 'weight', -1*weight );
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CSX = AddBox( CSX, port.U_filename{3,1}, prio, v3_start-width_add_start, v3_stop-width_add_stop );
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port.U_filename{3,2} = [PortNamePrefix 'port_ut' num2str(portnr) 'C2'];
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CSX = AddProbe( CSX, port.U_filename{3,2}, 0, 'weight', weight );
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CSX = AddBox( CSX, port.U_filename{3,2}, prio, v3_start+width_add_start, v3_stop+width_add_stop );
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% calculate position of the current probes
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idx = interp1( mesh{idx_width}, 1:numel(mesh{idx_width}), nstart(idx_width), 'nearest' );
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i1_start(idx_width) = mesh{idx_width}(idx) - diff(mesh{idx_width}(idx-1:idx))/2;
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idx = interp1( mesh{idx_height}, 1:numel(mesh{idx_height}), start(idx_height), 'nearest' );
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i1_start(idx_height) = mesh{idx_height}(idx-1) - diff(mesh{idx_height}(idx-2:idx-1))/2;
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i1_stop(idx_height) = mesh{idx_height}(idx+1) + diff(mesh{idx_height}(idx+1:idx+2))/2;
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i1_start(idx_prop) = sum(meshlines(1:2))/2;
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i1_stop(idx_prop) = i1_start(idx_prop);
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idx = interp1( mesh{idx_width}, 1:numel(mesh{idx_width}), nstop(idx_width), 'nearest' );
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i1_stop(idx_width) = mesh{idx_width}(idx) + diff(mesh{idx_width}(idx:idx+1))/2;
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i2_start = i1_start;
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i2_stop = i1_stop;
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i2_start(idx_prop) = sum(meshlines(2:3))/2;
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i2_stop(idx_prop) = i2_start(idx_prop);
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% create the curr-probes
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weight = direction;
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port.I_filename{1} = [PortNamePrefix 'port_it' num2str(portnr) 'A'];
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CSX = AddProbe( CSX, port.I_filename{1}, 1, 'weight', weight );
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CSX = AddBox( CSX, port.I_filename{1}, prio, i1_start, i1_stop );
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port.I_filename{2} = [PortNamePrefix 'port_it' num2str(portnr) 'B'];
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CSX = AddProbe( CSX, port.I_filename{2}, 1,'weight', weight );
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CSX = AddBox( CSX, port.I_filename{2}, prio, i2_start, i2_stop );
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% create port structure
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port.LengthScale = 1;
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if ((CSX.ATTRIBUTE.CoordSystem==1) && (idx_prop==2))
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port.LengthScale = SL_stop(idx_height);
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end
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port.nr = portnr;
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port.type = 'CPW';
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port.drawingunit = CSX.RectilinearGrid.ATTRIBUTE.DeltaUnit;
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port.v_delta = diff(meshlines)*port.LengthScale;
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port.i_delta = diff( meshlines(1:end-1) + diff(meshlines)/2 )*port.LengthScale;
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port.direction = direction;
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port.excite = 0;
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port.measplanepos = abs(v2_start(idx_prop) - start(idx_prop))*port.LengthScale;
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% port
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% create excitation (if enabled) and port resistance
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meshline = interp1( mesh{idx_prop}, 1:numel(mesh{idx_prop}), start(idx_prop) + feed_shift*direction, 'nearest' );
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ex_start(idx_prop) = mesh{idx_prop}(meshline) ;
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ex_start(idx_width) = (nstart(idx_width)+nstop(idx_width))/2;
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ex_start(idx_height) = nstart(idx_height);
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ex_stop(idx_prop) = ex_start(idx_prop);
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ex_stop(idx_width) = (nstart(idx_width)+nstop(idx_width))/2;
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ex_stop(idx_height) = nstop(idx_height);
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port.excite = 0;
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if excite
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port.excite = 1;
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CSX = AddExcitation( CSX, [PortNamePrefix 'port_excite_1_' num2str(portnr)], 0, evec, excite_args{:} );
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CSX = AddBox( CSX, [PortNamePrefix 'port_excite_1_' num2str(portnr)], prio, ex_start-width_add_start, ex_stop-width_add_stop );
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CSX = AddExcitation( CSX, [PortNamePrefix 'port_excite_2_' num2str(portnr)], 0, -evec, excite_args{:} );
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CSX = AddBox( CSX, [PortNamePrefix 'port_excite_2_' num2str(portnr)], prio, ex_start+width_add_start, ex_stop+width_add_stop );
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end
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%% CPW resitance at start of CPW line
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ex_start(idx_prop) = start(idx_prop);
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ex_stop(idx_prop) = ex_start(idx_prop);
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if (feed_R > 0) && ~isinf(feed_R)
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CSX = AddLumpedElement( CSX, [PortNamePrefix 'port_resist_' int2str(portnr)], idx_width-1, 'R', 2*feed_R );
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CSX = AddBox( CSX, [PortNamePrefix 'port_resist_' int2str(portnr)], prio, ex_start-width_add_start, ex_stop-width_add_stop );
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CSX = AddBox( CSX, [PortNamePrefix 'port_resist_' int2str(portnr)], prio, ex_start+width_add_start, ex_stop+width_add_stop );
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elseif isinf(feed_R)
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% do nothing --> open port
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elseif feed_R == 0
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%port "resistance" as metal
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CSX = AddBox( CSX, materialname, prio, ex_start-width_add_start, ex_stop-width_add_stop );
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CSX = AddBox( CSX, materialname, prio, ex_start+width_add_start, ex_stop+width_add_stop );
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else
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error('openEMS:AddCPWPort','CPW port with resitance <= 0 it not possible');
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end
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end
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@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ if isempty(port)
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return;
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end
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if (strcmpi(port.type,'MSL') || strcmpi(port.type,'Coaxial') || strcmpi(port.type,'StripLine'))
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if (strcmpi(port.type,'MSL') || strcmpi(port.type,'Coaxial') || strcmpi(port.type,'StripLine') || strcmpi(port.type,'CPW'))
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port = calcTLPort( port, SimDir, f, varargin{:});
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elseif strcmpi(port.type,'WaveGuide')
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port = calcWGPort( port, SimDir, f, varargin{:});
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@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ if (iscell(port))
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return;
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end
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if ((strcmpi(port.type,'MSL')~=1) && (strcmpi(port.type,'Coaxial')~=1) && (strcmpi(port.type,'StripLine')~=1))
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if ((strcmpi(port.type,'MSL')~=1) && (strcmpi(port.type,'Coaxial')~=1) && (strcmpi(port.type,'StripLine')~=1) && (strcmpi(port.type,'CPW')~=1))
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error('openEMS:calcTLPort','error, type is not a transmission line port');
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end
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@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ for n=1:2:numel(varargin)
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end
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end
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if (strcmpi(port.type,'StripLine')==1)
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if ((strcmpi(port.type,'StripLine')==1) || (strcmpi(port.type,'CPW')==1))
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U1 = ReadUI( port.U_filename(:,1), SimDir, f, UI_args{:} );
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U2 = ReadUI( port.U_filename(:,1), SimDir, f, UI_args{:} );
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U = U1;
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125
matlab/examples/transmission_lines/CPW_Line.m
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125
matlab/examples/transmission_lines/CPW_Line.m
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%
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% Tutorials / CPW_Line
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%
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% Describtion at:
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%
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% Tested with
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% - Octave 3.8.1
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% - openEMS v0.0.32
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%
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% (C) 2014 Thorsten Liebig <thorsten.liebig@gmx.de>
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close all
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clear
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clc
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%% setup the simulation %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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physical_constants;
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unit = 1e-6; % specify everything in um
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CPW_length = 40000;
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CPW_port_length = 10000;
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CPW_width = 1000;
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CPW_gap = 140;
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substrate_thickness = 512;
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substrate_width = 5000
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substrate_epr = 3.66;
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f_max = 10e9;
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air_spacing = 7000
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% use a finite line CPW waveguide
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if 1
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feed_R = 50;
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pml_add_cells = [8 8 8 8 8 8];
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feed_shift_cells = 0;
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x_spacing = air_spacing;
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else % or use a waveguide with start/end in a pml
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feed_R = inf; % CPW ends in a pml --> disable termination resitance
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feed_shift_cells = 10; % CPW ends in an 8 cells thick pml --> shift feed 10 cells
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pml_add_cells = [0 0 8 8 8 8]; % do not add air-space in x-direction
|
||||
x_spacing = 0; % do not add air-space in x-direction
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
%% setup FDTD parameters & excitation function %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
FDTD = InitFDTD('EndCriteria', 1e-4);
|
||||
FDTD = SetGaussExcite( FDTD, f_max/2, f_max/2 );
|
||||
BC = [2 2 2 2 2 2];
|
||||
FDTD = SetBoundaryCond( FDTD, BC );
|
||||
|
||||
%% setup CSXCAD geometry & mesh %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
||||
CSX = InitCSX();
|
||||
resolution = c0/(f_max*sqrt(substrate_epr))/unit /30; % resolution of lambda/50
|
||||
edge_res = 40;
|
||||
mesh.x = SmoothMeshLines( [0 CPW_length/2 CPW_length/2+x_spacing], resolution, 1.5 ,0 );
|
||||
mesh.x = unique(sort([-mesh.x mesh.x]));
|
||||
mesh.y = SmoothMeshLines( [CPW_width/2+[-edge_res/3 +edge_res/3*2] CPW_gap+CPW_width/2+[-edge_res/3*2 +edge_res/3]], edge_res , 1.5 ,0);
|
||||
mesh.y = SmoothMeshLines( [0 mesh.y], edge_res*2, 1.3 ,0);
|
||||
mesh.y = SmoothMeshLines( [0 mesh.y substrate_width/2 substrate_width/2+air_spacing], resolution, 1.3 ,0);
|
||||
mesh.y = unique(sort([-mesh.y mesh.y]));
|
||||
mesh.z = SmoothMeshLines( [-air_spacing linspace(0,substrate_thickness,5) substrate_thickness+air_spacing], resolution );
|
||||
|
||||
mesh = AddPML(mesh, pml_add_cells);
|
||||
CSX = DefineRectGrid( CSX, unit, mesh );
|
||||
|
||||
%% substrate
|
||||
CSX = AddMaterial( CSX, 'RO4350B' );
|
||||
CSX = SetMaterialProperty( CSX, 'RO4350B', 'Epsilon', substrate_epr );
|
||||
start = [-CPW_length/2, -substrate_width/2, 0];
|
||||
stop = [+CPW_length/2, +substrate_width/2, substrate_thickness];
|
||||
CSX = AddBox( CSX, 'RO4350B', 0, start, stop );
|
||||
|
||||
%%
|
||||
CSX = AddMetal( CSX, 'CPW_PORT' );
|
||||
|
||||
%% CPW port, with the measurement plane at the end of each port
|
||||
portstart = [ -CPW_length/2 , -CPW_width/2, substrate_thickness];
|
||||
portstop = [ -CPW_length/2+CPW_port_length, CPW_width/2, substrate_thickness];
|
||||
[CSX,port{1}] = AddCPWPort( CSX, 999, 1, 'CPW_PORT', portstart, portstop, CPW_gap, 'x', [0 1 0], 'ExcitePort', true, 'FeedShift', feed_shift_cells*resolution, 'MeasPlaneShift', CPW_port_length, 'Feed_R', feed_R);
|
||||
|
||||
portstart = [ CPW_length/2 , -CPW_width/2, substrate_thickness];
|
||||
portstop = [ CPW_length/2-CPW_port_length, CPW_width/2, substrate_thickness];
|
||||
[CSX,port{2}] = AddCPWPort( CSX, 999, 2, 'CPW_PORT', portstart, portstop, CPW_gap, 'x', [0 1 0], 'MeasPlaneShift', CPW_port_length, 'Feed_R', feed_R);
|
||||
|
||||
%% CPW
|
||||
CSX = AddMetal( CSX, 'CPW');
|
||||
start = [ -CPW_length/2+CPW_port_length, -CPW_width/2, substrate_thickness];
|
||||
stop = [ +CPW_length/2-CPW_port_length, CPW_width/2, substrate_thickness];
|
||||
CSX = AddBox(CSX, 'CPW', 999, start, stop);
|
||||
|
||||
%% CPW grounds
|
||||
CSX = AddMetal( CSX, 'GND' );
|
||||
start = [-CPW_length/2, -CPW_width/2-CPW_gap, substrate_thickness];
|
||||
stop = [+CPW_length/2, -substrate_width/2 , substrate_thickness];
|
||||
CSX = AddBox(CSX, 'GND', 999, start, stop);
|
||||
|
||||
start = [-CPW_length/2, +CPW_width/2+CPW_gap, substrate_thickness];
|
||||
stop = [+CPW_length/2, +substrate_width/2 , substrate_thickness];
|
||||
CSX = AddBox(CSX, 'GND', 999, start, stop);
|
||||
|
||||
%% write/show/run the openEMS compatible xml-file
|
||||
Sim_Path = 'tmp';
|
||||
Sim_CSX = 'CPW.xml';
|
||||
|
||||
[status, message, messageid] = rmdir( Sim_Path, 's' ); % clear previous directory
|
||||
[status, message, messageid] = mkdir( Sim_Path ); % create empty simulation folder
|
||||
|
||||
WriteOpenEMS( [Sim_Path '/' Sim_CSX], FDTD, CSX );
|
||||
CSXGeomPlot( [Sim_Path '/' Sim_CSX] );
|
||||
RunOpenEMS( Sim_Path, Sim_CSX );
|
||||
|
||||
%% post-processing
|
||||
close all
|
||||
f = linspace( 1e6, f_max, 1601 );
|
||||
port = calcPort( port, Sim_Path, f, 'RefImpedance', 50);
|
||||
|
||||
s11 = port{1}.uf.ref./ port{1}.uf.inc;
|
||||
s21 = port{2}.uf.ref./ port{1}.uf.inc;
|
||||
|
||||
plot(f/1e9,20*log10(abs(s11)),'k-','LineWidth',2);
|
||||
hold on;
|
||||
grid on;
|
||||
plot(f/1e9,20*log10(abs(s21)),'r--','LineWidth',2);
|
||||
legend('S_{11}','S_{21}');
|
||||
ylabel('S-Parameter (dB)','FontSize',12);
|
||||
xlabel('frequency (GHz) \rightarrow','FontSize',12);
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user