514 lines
13 KiB
C++
Executable File
514 lines
13 KiB
C++
Executable File
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// Copyright (c) 2001-2006 INRIA Sophia-Antipolis (France).
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// All rights reserved.
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//
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// This file is part of CGAL (www.cgal.org); you can redistribute it and/or
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// modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
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// published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License,
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// or (at your option) any later version.
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//
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// Licensees holding a valid commercial license may use this file in
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// accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the software.
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//
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// This file is provided AS IS with NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING THE
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// WARRANTY OF DESIGN, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
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//
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// $URL$
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// $Id$
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0+
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//
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//
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// Author(s) : Sylvain Pion
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#ifndef CGAL_MP_FLOAT_IMPL_H
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#define CGAL_MP_FLOAT_IMPL_H
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#include <CGAL/basic.h>
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#include <CGAL/Quotient.h>
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#include <functional>
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#include <cmath>
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#include <CGAL/MP_Float.h>
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namespace CGAL {
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namespace INTERN_MP_FLOAT {
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const unsigned log_limb = 8 * sizeof(MP_Float::limb);
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const MP_Float::limb2 base = 1 << log_limb;
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const MP_Float::V::size_type limbs_per_double = 2 + 53/log_limb;
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const double trunc_max = double(base)*(base/2-1)/double(base-1);
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const double trunc_min = double(-base)*(base/2)/double(base-1);
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} // namespace INTERN_MP_FLOAT
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// We face portability issues with the ISO C99 functions "nearbyint",
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// so I re-implement it for my need.
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template < typename T >
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inline
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int my_nearbyint(const T& d)
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{
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int z = int(d);
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T frac = d - T(z);
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CGAL_assertion(CGAL::abs(frac) < T(1.0));
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if (frac > 0.5)
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++z;
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else if (frac < -0.5)
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--z;
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else if (frac == 0.5 && (z&1) != 0) // NB: We also need the round-to-even rule.
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++z;
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else if (frac == -0.5 && (z&1) != 0)
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--z;
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CGAL_assertion(CGAL::abs(T(z) - d) < T(0.5) ||
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(CGAL::abs(T(z) - d) == T(0.5) && ((z&1) == 0)));
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return z;
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}
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template < typename T >
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inline
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void MP_Float::construct_from_builtin_fp_type(T d)
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{
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if (d == 0)
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return;
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// Protection against rounding mode != nearest, and extended precision.
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Set_ieee_double_precision P;
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CGAL_assertion(is_finite(d));
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// This is subtle, because ints are not symetric against 0.
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// First, scale d, and adjust exp accordingly.
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while (d < INTERN_MP_FLOAT::trunc_min || d > INTERN_MP_FLOAT::trunc_max) {
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++exp;
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d /= INTERN_MP_FLOAT::base;
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}
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while (d >= INTERN_MP_FLOAT::trunc_min/ INTERN_MP_FLOAT::base && d <= INTERN_MP_FLOAT::trunc_max/ INTERN_MP_FLOAT::base) {
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--exp;
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d *= INTERN_MP_FLOAT::base;
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}
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// Then, compute the limbs.
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// Put them in v (in reverse order temporarily).
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T orig = d, sum = 0;
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while (true) {
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int r = my_nearbyint(d);
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if (d-double(r) >= T( INTERN_MP_FLOAT::base/2-1)/( INTERN_MP_FLOAT::base-1))
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++r;
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v.push_back(limb(r));
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// We used to do simply "d -= v.back();", but when the most significant
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// limb is 1 and the second is -32768, then it can happen that
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// |d - v.back()| > |d|, hence a bit of precision can be lost.
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// Hence the need for sum/orig.
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sum += v.back();
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d = orig-sum;
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if (d == 0)
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break;
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sum *= INTERN_MP_FLOAT::base;
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orig *= INTERN_MP_FLOAT::base;
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d *= INTERN_MP_FLOAT::base;
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--exp;
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}
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// Reverse v.
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std::reverse(v.begin(), v.end());
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CGAL_assertion(v.back() != 0);
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}
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inline
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MP_Float::MP_Float(float d):exp(0)
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{
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construct_from_builtin_fp_type(d);
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CGAL_expensive_assertion(CGAL::to_double(*this) == d);
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}
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inline
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MP_Float::MP_Float(double d):exp(0)
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{
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construct_from_builtin_fp_type(d);
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CGAL_expensive_assertion(CGAL::to_double(*this) == d);
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}
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inline
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MP_Float::MP_Float(long double d):exp(0)
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{
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construct_from_builtin_fp_type(d);
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// CGAL_expensive_assertion(CGAL::to_double(*this) == d);
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}
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inline
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Comparison_result
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INTERN_MP_FLOAT::compare (const MP_Float & a, const MP_Float & b)
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{
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typedef MP_Float::exponent_type exponent_type;
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if (a.is_zero())
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return (Comparison_result) - b.sign();
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if (b.is_zero())
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return (Comparison_result) a.sign();
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for (exponent_type i = (std::max)(a.max_exp(), b.max_exp()) - 1;
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i >= (std::min)(a.min_exp(), b.min_exp()); i--)
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{
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if (a.of_exp(i) > b.of_exp(i))
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return LARGER;
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if (a.of_exp(i) < b.of_exp(i))
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return SMALLER;
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}
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return EQUAL;
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}
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// Common code for operator+ and operator-.
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template <class BinOp>
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inline
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MP_Float
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Add_Sub(const MP_Float &a, const MP_Float &b, const BinOp &op)
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{
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typedef MP_Float::exponent_type exponent_type;
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CGAL_assertion(!b.is_zero());
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exponent_type min_exp, max_exp;
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if (a.is_zero()) {
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min_exp = b.min_exp();
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max_exp = b.max_exp();
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}
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else {
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min_exp = (std::min)(a.min_exp(), b.min_exp());
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max_exp = (std::max)(a.max_exp(), b.max_exp());
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}
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MP_Float r;
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r.exp = min_exp;
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r.v.resize(static_cast<int>(max_exp - min_exp + 1)); // One more for carry.
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r.v[0] = 0;
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for(int i = 0; i < max_exp - min_exp; i++)
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{
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MP_Float::limb2 tmp = r.v[i] + op(a.of_exp(i+min_exp),
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b.of_exp(i+min_exp));
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MP_Float::split(tmp, r.v[i+1], r.v[i]);
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}
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r.canonicalize();
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return r;
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}
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inline
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MP_Float
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operator+(const MP_Float &a, const MP_Float &b)
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{
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if (a.is_zero())
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return b;
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if (b.is_zero())
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return a;
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return Add_Sub(a, b, std::plus<MP_Float::limb2>());
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}
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inline
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MP_Float
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operator-(const MP_Float &a, const MP_Float &b)
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{
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if (b.is_zero())
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return a;
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return Add_Sub(a, b, std::minus<MP_Float::limb2>());
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}
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inline
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MP_Float
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operator*(const MP_Float &a, const MP_Float &b)
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{
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if (a.is_zero() || b.is_zero())
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return MP_Float();
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// Disabled until square() is fixed.
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// if (&a == &b)
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// return square(a);
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MP_Float r;
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r.exp = a.exp + b.exp;
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CGAL_assertion_msg(CGAL::abs(r.exp) < (1<<30)*1.0*(1<<23),
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"Exponent overflow in MP_Float multiplication");
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r.v.assign(a.v.size() + b.v.size(), 0);
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for(unsigned i = 0; i < a.v.size(); ++i)
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{
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unsigned j;
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MP_Float::limb carry = 0;
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for(j = 0; j < b.v.size(); ++j)
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{
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MP_Float::limb2 tmp = carry + (MP_Float::limb2) r.v[i+j]
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+ std::multiplies<MP_Float::limb2>()(a.v[i], b.v[j]);
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MP_Float::split(tmp, carry, r.v[i+j]);
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}
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r.v[i+j] = carry;
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}
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r.canonicalize();
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return r;
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}
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// Squaring simplifies things and is faster, so we specialize it.
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inline
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MP_Float
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INTERN_MP_FLOAT::square(const MP_Float &a)
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{
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// There is a bug here (see test-case in test/NT/MP_Float.C).
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// For now, I disable this small optimization.
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// See also the comment code in operator*().
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return a*a;
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#if 0
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typedef MP_Float::limb limb;
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typedef MP_Float::limb2 limb2;
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if (a.is_zero())
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return MP_Float();
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MP_Float r;
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r.exp = 2*a.exp;
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r.v.assign(2*a.v.size(), 0);
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for(unsigned i=0; i<a.v.size(); i++)
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{
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unsigned j;
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limb2 carry = 0;
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limb carry2 = 0;
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for(j=0; j<i; j++)
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{
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// There is a risk of overflow here :(
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// It can only happen when a.v[i] == a.v[j] == -2^15 (log_limb...)
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limb2 tmp0 = std::multiplies<limb2>()(a.v[i], a.v[j]);
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limb2 tmp1 = carry + (limb2) r.v[i+j] + tmp0;
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limb2 tmp = tmp0 + tmp1;
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limb tmpcarry;
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MP_Float::split(tmp, tmpcarry, r.v[i+j]);
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carry = tmpcarry + (limb2) carry2;
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// Is there a more efficient way to handle this carry ?
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if (tmp > 0 && tmp0 < 0 && tmp1 < 0)
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{
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// If my calculations are correct, this case should never happen.
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CGAL_error();
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}
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else if (tmp < 0 && tmp0 > 0 && tmp1 > 0)
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carry2 = 1;
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else
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carry2 = 0;
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}
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// last round for j=i :
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limb2 tmp0 = carry + (limb2) r.v[i+i]
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+ std::multiplies<limb2>()(a.v[i], a.v[i]);
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MP_Float::split(tmp0, r.v[i+i+1], r.v[i+i]);
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r.v[i+i+1] += carry2;
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}
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r.canonicalize();
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return r;
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#endif
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}
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// Division by Newton (code by Valentina Marotta & Chee Yap) :
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/*
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Integer reciprocal(const Integer A, Integer k) {
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Integer t, m, ld;
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Integer e, X, X1, X2, A1;
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if (k == 1)
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return 2;
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A1 = A >> k/2; // k/2 most significant bits
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X1 = reciprocal(A1, k/2);
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// To avoid the adjustment :
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Integer E = (1 << (2*k - 1)) - A*X1;
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if (E > A)
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X1 = X1 + 1;
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e = 1 << 3*k/2; // 2^(3k/2)
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X2 = X1*e - X1*X1*A;
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X = X2 >> k-1;
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return X;
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}
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*/
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inline
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MP_Float
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approximate_division(const MP_Float &a, const MP_Float &b)
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{
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CGAL_assertion_msg(! b.is_zero(), " Division by zero");
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return MP_Float(CGAL::to_double(a)/CGAL::to_double(b));
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}
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inline
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MP_Float
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approximate_sqrt(const MP_Float &d)
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{
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return MP_Float(CGAL_NTS sqrt(CGAL::to_double(d)));
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}
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// Returns (first * 2^second), an approximation of b.
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inline
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std::pair<double, int>
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to_double_exp(const MP_Float &b)
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{
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typedef MP_Float::exponent_type exponent_type;
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if (b.is_zero())
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return std::make_pair(0.0, 0);
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exponent_type exp = b.max_exp();
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int steps = static_cast<int>((std::min)( INTERN_MP_FLOAT::limbs_per_double, b.v.size()));
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double d_exp_1 = std::ldexp(1.0, - static_cast<int>( INTERN_MP_FLOAT::log_limb));
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double d_exp = 1.0;
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double d = 0;
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for (exponent_type i = exp - 1; i > exp - 1 - steps; i--) {
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d_exp *= d_exp_1;
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d += d_exp * b.of_exp(i);
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}
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CGAL_assertion_msg(CGAL::abs(exp* INTERN_MP_FLOAT::log_limb) < (1<<30)*2.0,
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"Exponent overflow in MP_Float to_double");
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return std::make_pair(d, static_cast<int>(exp * INTERN_MP_FLOAT::log_limb));
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}
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// Returns (first * 2^second), an interval surrounding b.
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inline
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std::pair<std::pair<double, double>, int>
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to_interval_exp(const MP_Float &b)
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{
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typedef MP_Float::exponent_type exponent_type;
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if (b.is_zero())
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return std::make_pair(std::pair<double, double>(0, 0), 0);
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exponent_type exp = b.max_exp();
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int steps = static_cast<int>((std::min)( INTERN_MP_FLOAT::limbs_per_double, b.v.size()));
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double d_exp_1 = std::ldexp(1.0, - (int) INTERN_MP_FLOAT::log_limb);
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double d_exp = 1.0;
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Interval_nt_advanced::Protector P;
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Interval_nt_advanced d = 0;
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exponent_type i;
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for (i = exp - 1; i > exp - 1 - steps; i--) {
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d_exp *= d_exp_1;
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if (d_exp == 0) // Take care of underflow.
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d_exp = CGAL_IA_MIN_DOUBLE;
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d += d_exp * b.of_exp(i);
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}
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if (i >= b.min_exp() && d.is_point()) {
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if (b.of_exp(i) > 0)
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d += Interval_nt_advanced(0, d_exp);
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else if (b.of_exp(i) < 0)
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d += Interval_nt_advanced(-d_exp, 0);
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else
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d += Interval_nt_advanced(-d_exp, d_exp);
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}
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#ifdef CGAL_EXPENSIVE_ASSERTION // force it always in early debugging
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if (d.is_point())
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CGAL_assertion(MP_Float(d.inf()) == b);
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else
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CGAL_assertion(MP_Float(d.inf()) <= b & MP_Float(d.sup()) >= b);
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#endif
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CGAL_assertion_msg(CGAL::abs(exp* INTERN_MP_FLOAT::log_limb) < (1<<30)*2.0,
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"Exponent overflow in MP_Float to_interval");
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return std::make_pair(d.pair(), static_cast<int>(exp * INTERN_MP_FLOAT::log_limb));
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}
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// to_double() returns, not the closest double, but a one bit error is allowed.
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// We guarantee : to_double(MP_Float(double d)) == d.
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inline
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double
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INTERN_MP_FLOAT::to_double(const MP_Float &b)
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{
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std::pair<double, int> ap = to_double_exp(b);
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return ap.first * std::ldexp(1.0, ap.second);
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}
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inline
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double
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INTERN_MP_FLOAT::to_double(const Quotient<MP_Float> &q)
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{
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std::pair<double, int> n = to_double_exp(q.numerator());
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std::pair<double, int> d = to_double_exp(q.denominator());
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double scale = std::ldexp(1.0, n.second - d.second);
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return (n.first / d.first) * scale;
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}
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// FIXME : This function deserves proper testing...
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inline
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std::pair<double,double>
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INTERN_MP_FLOAT::to_interval(const MP_Float &b)
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{
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std::pair<std::pair<double, double>, int> ap = to_interval_exp(b);
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return ldexp(Interval_nt<>(ap.first), ap.second).pair();
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}
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// FIXME : This function deserves proper testing...
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inline
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std::pair<double,double>
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INTERN_MP_FLOAT::to_interval(const Quotient<MP_Float> &q)
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{
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std::pair<std::pair<double, double>, int> n = to_interval_exp(q.numerator());
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std::pair<std::pair<double, double>, int> d = to_interval_exp(q.denominator());
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CGAL_assertion_msg(CGAL::abs(1.0*n.second - d.second) < (1<<30)*2.0,
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"Exponent overflow in Quotient<MP_Float> to_interval");
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return ldexp(Interval_nt<>(n.first) / Interval_nt<>(d.first),
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n.second - d.second).pair();
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}
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inline
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std::ostream &
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operator<< (std::ostream & os, const MP_Float &b)
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{
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os << CGAL::to_double(b);
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return os;
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}
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inline
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std::ostream &
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print (std::ostream & os, const MP_Float &b)
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{
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typedef MP_Float::exponent_type exponent_type;
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// Binary format would be nice and not hard to have too (useful ?).
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if (b.is_zero())
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return os << 0 << " [ double approx == " << 0.0 << " ]";
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MP_Float::const_iterator i;
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exponent_type exp = b.min_exp() * INTERN_MP_FLOAT::log_limb;
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double approx = 0; // only for giving an idea.
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for (i = b.v.begin(); i != b.v.end(); i++)
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{
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os << ((*i > 0) ? " +" : " ") << *i;
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if (exp != 0)
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os << " * 2^" << exp;
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approx += std::ldexp(static_cast<double>(*i),
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static_cast<int>(exp));
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exp += INTERN_MP_FLOAT::log_limb;
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}
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os << " [ double approx == " << approx << " ]";
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return os;
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}
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inline
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std::istream &
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operator>> (std::istream & is, MP_Float &b)
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{
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double d;
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is >> d;
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if (is)
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b = MP_Float(d);
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return is;
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}
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} //namespace CGAL
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#endif // CGAL_MP_FLOAT_IMPL_H
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