This will allow us in future to accept `const T &` anywhere it's
necessary to reduce the amount of copying.
This commit is quite conservative: it does not attempt very hard to
refactor code that performs incidental mutation. In particular
dogd and caches are not marked with the `mutable` keyword.
dogd will be eliminated later, opening up more opportunities to
add const qualifiers.
This commit also doesn't introduce any uses of the newly added const
qualifers. This will be done later.
According to the C++ standard, "this" is never NULL, so checks
of the form "if(!this)" can be legally optimized out. This
breaks SolveSpace on GCC 6, and probably on other compilers and
configurations.
Instead of always using two points on every curve, with a hack for
some cubics edge case, use three points on the first iteration and
one point on every further iteration. This both faster and more
correct.
The SolveSpace top-level directory was getting a bit cluttered, so
following the example of numerous other free-software projects, we move the
main application source into a subdirectory and adjust the build systems
accordingly.
Also, got rid of the obj/ directory in favor of creating it on the fly in
Makefile.msvc.